Cold sores in the eye are caused by the herpes simplex virus and can occur around the eyes, unlike the more common cold sores seen on the lips. Symptoms of cold sores in the eye may include redness, itching, burning sensation, blistering, and crusting. This condition may arise as a result of factors such as stress, fatigue, exposure to sunlight, or weakened immune system.
What is an Eye Cold Sore?
The herpes simplex virus (HSV), known for causing cold sores, can appear in different parts of the human body. When the virus infects the eyes, it can lead to a condition known as ocular herpes.
Cold sores occurring in the eye area are sensitive and can lead to a decrease in visual quality and pain. Ocular herpes, which can affect daily life, may cause serious eye damage if left untreated.
Associated diseases:
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Herpes Simplex Keratitis: Inflammation of the cornea
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Blepharitis: Inflammation of the eyelid
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Conjunctivitis: Inflammation of the white part of the eye
What Are the Symptoms of Eye Cold Sores?
Ocular herpes symptoms exhibit characteristics similar to cold sores observed in other areas. Commonly seen symptoms include:
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Blisters on the eyelid and around the eye
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Redness and swelling
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Burning and stinging sensation
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Tearing and crusting
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Light sensitivity
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Blurred vision
What Causes Cold Sores in the Eye?
The primary cause of eye cold sores is an infection caused by the herpes simplex virus. This virus can become activated due to conditions like stress, fatigue, sun exposure, or a weakened immune system, leading to cold sore formation around the eyes.
Main causes:
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In individuals with a weakened immune system, the herpes simplex virus can activate more easily, leading to cold sores around the eye. Since the body's defense mechanism weakens after illnesses, the risk of eye cold sores may increase.
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Exposure to intense stress in daily life can increase hormone levels, negatively affecting the immune system, and triggering the herpes simplex virus. This situation can prepare the ground for cold sore formation around the eyes.
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Sunrays can affect not only the skin but also the eyes, and this can play a role in activating the herpes simplex virus. Excessive exposure to the harmful UV rays of the sun can cause sensitivity in the eyes and trigger the virus.
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Lack of adequate rest can weaken the immune system, increasing the chance of herpes simplex virus infections. Disruption of sleep patterns or constant fatigue can be factors that increase the risk of infections in the eyes.
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The virus transmitted through hands can cause infection when it comes into contact with the eyes. Similarly, unclean or improperly used lenses can also increase the risk of infection. If hygiene rules are not followed, the herpes simplex virus can easily spread and cause eye cold sores.
Diseases that may accompany:
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Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus: Reactivation of the chickenpox-zoster virus around the eye can lead to cold sores.
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Atopic Dermatitis: It can cause skin sensitivity and increase the risk of secondary infections.
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Dry Eye: Reduction of the protective tear film makes it easier for the virus to settle.
How are Eye Cold Sores Treated?
The treatment of eye cold sores focuses on stopping the virus from multiplying, alleviating symptoms, and preventing corneal damage. Antiviral eye drops or ointments prescribed by a specialist doctor can be used. In more advanced cases, oral antiviral drugs may also be added to the treatment.
In serious cases such as corneal involvement, corticosteroid drops may be applied under medical supervision; however, these medications should not be used without control. During treatment, eye hygiene should be strictly observed, contact with the eyes should be avoided, and if lenses are worn, a break should be taken.
As eye cold sores are a recurrent infection, it is important to keep the immune system strong. If severe pain, vision loss, or light sensitivity develops, it's crucial to consult an ophthalmologist without delay.
Preventative Measures Against Eye Cold Sores
Viruses can remain in the body for long periods and reactivate when conditions are favorable. In this case, taking preventive measures to combat viruses and protect health is critical.
Primarily, contact with the eyes should be avoided when there's a cold sore around the lips or mouth. Cold sores arise from the herpes simplex virus, and this virus can cause serious problems when transmitted to the eye.
For those using lenses, an important point is to keep lenses and lens cases hygienic. Cleaning and disinfecting lenses can prevent the transmission of eye infections and viruses.
Keeping the immune system strong is a protective factor against viruses. Healthy lifestyle habits can support the immune system, making the body more resistant to diseases.
During prolonged exposure to the sun, sunglasses should be worn. Exposure to the sun's harmful UV rays can lead to health problems in the eye structure. Therefore, it is important to protect both the eyes and skin from the harmful effects of the sun.
Stress can weaken the body, making it more vulnerable to diseases, so it may be necessary to learn and apply techniques to cope with stress.
Frequently Asked Questions
Is a cold sore in the eye contagious?
Yes, cold sores in the eye are contagious during the active blister phase. Particularly, the fluid within the blister can cause the virus to spread upon contact; thus, adhering to hygiene rules and frequently washing hands is important.
Do eye cold sores recur?
Eye cold sores are caused by an infection with the herpes simplex virus, and the virus can remain in the body for life. It may reactivate when the immune system is weakened or when trigger factors like stress and fatigue arise, causing it to recur in the same area.
Which cream is effective for eye cold sores?
In the treatment of eye cold sores, antiviral eye ointments or drops are prescribed by a doctor. Cremes obtained from a pharmacy without control may be ineffective or cause severe irritation to the eye; therefore, expert recommendation is necessary.
What diseases can cold sores in the eye indicate?
Cold sores in the eye are triggered by the activation of the herpes simplex virus. However, conditions such as herpes zoster ophthalmicus (shingles infection around the eye), blepharitis (eyelid inflammation), and herpes keratitis (corneal infection) may exhibit similar symptoms.