Strabismus is observed in 4 out of every 100 newborns and is a condition where the parallel alignment of the eyes is disrupted. It is a treatable condition. Symptoms can be obvious or may be confused with other disorders, which is why early diagnosis and detection are very important. The causes can vary from person to person, hence the treatment also differs accordingly.
What are the Symptoms of Strabismus?
Causes of Strabismus
Diagnosis and Examination in Strabismus
Early detection is crucial in all conditions, including strabismus. If eye examinations, especially in babies and children, are neglected or underestimated, not only aesthetic problems but also vision problems may arise if detected late. Strabismus is treatable at any age, and with treatment, lazy eye can be prevented, and three-dimensional vision can be achieved.
Treatments for Strabismus
A large majority of the strabismus seen in 4 out of every 100 newborns appears around 2–3 years of age and can typically be fully corrected with glasses. In cases where glasses do not rectify the condition, surgical treatment is required.
Treatment with Glasses
Some strabismus results from refractive errors and can be treated with glasses. The misalignment in the eyes improves with use.
Occlusion Therapy
This treatment method is applicable if there is a lazy eye condition. The healthy eye is periodically covered to stimulate the lazy eye.
Orthoptic Therapy (CAM)
Surgical Intervention
The method to be applied varies according to the type and degree of strabismus. This treatment is performed by increasing the strength, decreasing, or changing the points of action of some of the 6 muscles in our eye. Strabismus surgeries can be performed under general anesthesia in children and under local or general anesthesia in adults.
Strabismus Surgery
In cases that do not improve with glasses and exercise programs, surgery is recommended for patients with congenital strabismus. This procedure involves increasing the strength, decreasing, or changing the points of action of some of the 6 muscles in our eye. While early treatment is preferable in strabismus, treatment is also possible in adulthood.
The operation is preferably performed under general anesthesia. After the operation, the eye is not bandaged; there is no pain or discomfort, only a slight stinging sensation may be felt. Patients can return to their daily lives 6–7 days post-surgery. Redness in the eyes lasts approximately 3-4 weeks and decreases with the use of eye drops.
Why is Early Intervention Important in Strabismus?
Individuals with a family history of strabismus should be more vigilant as this disorder can be genetically transmitted and should not skip routine check-ups. Also, undetected refractive errors (myopia, hypermetropia) in children are among the answers to what causes strabismus. Therefore, whatever the underlying cause of strabismus, a detailed evaluation by a specialist eye doctor is necessary.
In cases where it does not correct with glasses or where depth perception does not develop due to laziness, surgical options should be considered without further delay. The performed strabismus surgery results in positive functional and aesthetic outcomes. Post-surgery recovery is straightforward; the patient can soon return to normal life.
Frequently Asked Questions
Does strabismus resolve on its own?
No, strabismus often does not resolve on its own. Some babies may have transient misalignments in the first 3-6 months, but if these misalignments become regular or persist after the 6th month, an eye doctor should be consulted. Early intervention is required to prevent lazy eye.
Does strabismus surgery provide a permanent solution?
Strabismus surgery provides a permanent solution in most patients. In some cases, misalignment might recur after surgery. In such cases, additional surgery or orthoptic therapy may be necessary. The success rate of surgery varies depending on the type and age of the misalignment.
How long does strabismus treatment last?
Strabismus treatment is a personalized process. If strabismus can be corrected with glasses or occlusion therapy, this duration may vary. In cases requiring surgery, the entire treatment, including the preparation process, can range from a few weeks to several months.
What should be taken into consideration after strabismus surgery?
Redness and a stinging sensation are normal in the first week after strabismus surgery. The prescribed eye drops should be used regularly, the eyes should not be rubbed, and precautions against infection should be taken. Normal life can be resumed after one week; however, activities like swimming and applying makeup should be avoided for the duration recommended by your doctor.