Reflux is one of the common health issues encountered in childhood. The backflow of stomach contents due to the failure of the valve between the esophagus and stomach to close completely can cause symptoms such as restlessness, vomiting, and loss of appetite in children. Timely recognition of this condition by parents is crucial for the healthy development of children.
What is Reflux?
Reflux is a condition caused by the backflow of stomach acid into the esophagus. Normally, the valve (lower esophageal sphincter) between the esophagus and stomach closes after swallowing, preventing stomach acid from rising. However, since this mechanism is not fully developed in children, reflux is especially common in the infancy period.
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Reflux in infants: It's called physiological reflux and usually resolves on its own around the age of 1 as the digestive system matures in most cases.
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Reflux in older children: It can be persistent and, if untreated, may lead to irritation in the esophagus and reluctance to eat.
What are the Symptoms of Reflux in Children?
Reflux in children can present symptoms such as heartburn, acidic vomiting, loss of appetite, and failure to gain weight. The symptoms of reflux can vary according to age.
Symptoms seen in infants:
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Frequent vomiting or regurgitation after feeding
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Restlessness and crying fits after feeding
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Inadequate weight gain or weight loss
Symptoms seen in school-aged children:
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Burning and pain in the chest
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A feeling of something stuck and irritation in the throat
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Persistent dry cough, especially worsening at night
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Loss of appetite and avoidance of eating
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Hoarseness and bad breath
Since symptoms can be confused with other diseases, a doctor's evaluation is necessary for a definitive diagnosis.
What Causes Reflux in Children?
Reflux in children can be attributed to inadequate dietary habits, excess weight, muscle weakness, or congenital anatomical differences. There is no single cause of reflux; it can result from a combination of different factors:
- Underdeveloped digestive system: One of the commonly seen causes in infants.
- Incorrect eating habits: Eating too quickly, overeating, and consumption of fatty and fried foods can trigger reflux.
- Obesity: Excess weight in children increases stomach pressure and raises the risk of reflux.
- Posture while lying down: Laying down immediately after eating can cause stomach contents to flow back.
- Anatomical issues: Rarely, structural disorders in the esophagus and stomach can lead to reflux.
How is Reflux Treated in Children?
Reflux treatment in children is conducted through lifestyle changes, diet, and medication. If your child shows symptoms of reflux, you can seek help from a pediatrician or gastroenterologist. During the treatment process, methods such as regularly using the medications prescribed by your doctor, letting your child sleep in an upright position, feeding them smaller and more frequent meals, and avoiding acidic and fatty foods can be applied.
Reflux treatment varies according to the child’s age, the severity of symptoms, and the underlying cause.
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Lifestyle and dietary changes: This is the first step in treating reflux. Most children experience significant symptom relief with proper nutrition and sleep habits.
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Medication therapy: If deemed appropriate by a doctor, medications that suppress stomach acid can be used. However, these medications should only be given under medical supervision.
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Surgical treatment: Very rarely, in severe reflux cases and structural issues, surgery is considered.
How to Implement a Reflux Diet in Children?
Implementing a reflux diet in children is important to support the health of the digestive system and reduce symptoms. For children with reflux disease, appropriate dietary habits may include:
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Feeding your child in small, frequent meals.
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Avoiding acidic, spicy, fatty, and overly sweet foods.
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Staying away from drinks containing caffeine.
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Not eating anything for at least 2-3 hours before sleeping.
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Feeding your child in an upright position and slightly elevating their head while sleeping.
You can create a diet plan tailored to your child’s individual needs by consulting with your doctor. Remember that each child's tolerance level is different; therefore, adjusting the diet according to their symptoms is important.
What Helps Reflux in Children?
If you suspect your child has reflux, it is recommended to consult a specialist. By following your doctor's recommendations, you can determine the appropriate treatment method for your child and help manage the condition.
Parents can benefit from the following methods in daily life to alleviate their child's reflux complaints:
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Slightly elevating the child's head while lying down.
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Maintaining an ideal weight and engaging in regular physical activity.
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Encouraging slow eating during meals.
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Increasing water consumption instead of carbonated drinks.
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Adhering to the diet and medication plan recommended by the doctor.
Frequently Asked Questions
How long does reflux last in children?
The physiological reflux seen in infants often improves within 12-18 months. In older children, it can be controlled with correct treatment and lifestyle adjustments.
Does reflux affect growth in children?
Untreated reflux can lead to nutritional deficiencies and poor weight gain, negatively affecting growth and development.
Does pediatric reflux go away completely?
In most children, reflux symptoms can completely disappear with appropriate treatment and dietary management. However, some cases require long-term monitoring.
What foods trigger reflux?
Chocolate, carbonated drinks, fried foods, spicy, and fatty foods can increase reflux.