Nasal congestion arises due to the innate or acquired curvature or deviation of the bone and cartilage structure inside the nose. Nasal congestion can lead to respiratory problems by obstructing airflow. Deviation refers to the curvature of the nasal septum. The necessity for surgical intervention may vary depending on the individual's complaints and the anatomical structure inside the nose.
What is Nasal Congestion and Why Does It Occur?
Nasal congestion refers to the restriction of airflow in the nasal cavity. This condition can result from various causes and may negatively affect a person's daily life.
Allergies are one of the common causes of nasal congestion. Exposure to allergens like pollen, dust mites, or pet dander can cause the mucous membranes inside the nose to swell, blocking airflow and leading to congestion.
Viral infections can also cause nasal congestion. Common viral infections like the cold can cause inflammation of the nasal mucosa, leading to nasal congestion. In this case, symptoms like runny nose, sneezing, and coughing may occur.
Bacterial infections are another underlying cause of nasal congestion. Bacterial infections like sinusitis cause inflammation in the sinus cavities, leading to nasal congestion and severe pain.
Anomalies in the anatomical structure can also lead to nasal congestion. If the nasal septum, which divides the nose into two sections, is crooked or dislocated, airflow can be obstructed, resulting in nasal congestion.
Septal Deviation: Causes and Symptoms of Nasal Curvature
Septal deviation refers to the curvature or displacement of the cartilage and bone wall in the nasal cavity. This condition is also known as nasal curvature.
Septal deviation can occur due to congenital genetic factors or traumas experienced later in life. These structural abnormalities inside the nose make breathing difficult and can lead to nasal congestion.
Impact of Nasal Congestion on Daily Life
Nasal congestion can negatively affect daily life. It not only makes breathing difficult but can also reduce sleep quality. Problems like snoring and sleep apnea are common among those experiencing nasal congestion. Such issues can prevent adequate rest during the night, leading to increased fatigue throughout the day.
Nasal congestion may diminish the sense of smell. Poor odor perception and a diminished sense of taste can negatively affect daily activities.
Moreover, recurrent sinus infections are a common result of nasal congestion. Inflammations developed in the sinuses cause physical discomfort and negatively impact general health. Sinusitis, presenting with symptoms like headaches, facial pain, and fatigue, can substantially lower a person's quality of life.
How is Septal Deviation Diagnosed?
A diagnosis of septal deviation is performed by a specialist in ENT (Ear, Nose, and Throat) through a physical examination. During the examination, the curvature of the septum inside the nose and possible symptoms are assessed. Subsequently, endoscopic evaluation may be performed, allowing for a more detailed visualization of the septum's condition.
When necessary, imaging methods like computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may be employed. These methods help in thoroughly examining the problems and effects caused by septal deviation.
Treatment Methods for Nasal Congestion and Deviation
Treatment methods for nasal congestion and deviation include medication and surgical intervention. Medication treatment involves the use of drugs like decongestants and antihistamines. Decongestants work by reducing swelling in the nasal mucosa to alleviate congestion. Antihistamines are used to relieve nasal congestion stemming from allergic reactions.
In cases requiring surgical intervention, septoplasty may be preferred. Septoplasty involves correcting the septum, the bone, and cartilage structure inside the nose. By correcting the septum, problems with nasal congestion and breathing difficulties can be significantly reduced. It is observed that post-surgery, individuals start to breathe more comfortably.
It is important to determine which treatment option is more appropriate based on the individual's health condition, as assessed by a specialist doctor.
Frequently Asked Questions
Can septal deviation correct itself?
No, septal deviation does not correct itself. Since it is a structural anomaly, correction is only possible through surgical intervention.
Is nasal congestion always caused by deviation?
No, nasal congestion is not solely caused by deviation. Several factors such as allergies, sinusitis, nasal polyps, infections, and environmental factors can lead to nasal congestion.
How long does a septoplasty operation take and is hospital stay required?
A septoplasty operation lasts between 30 to 60 minutes. Most patients are discharged the same day, though in some cases, hospital stay might be necessary.
Does nasal congestion completely resolve after surgery?
Post-surgery, breathing is greatly eased. A temporary feeling of congestion may occur due to mild swelling and crusting during the recovery period.