The smear test is conducted for the early detection and screening of cervical cancer. As an important part of routine gynecological check-ups, the test allows for the early detection of precursor lesions of cervical cancer. For women, this test can provide effective protection against serious diseases.
What is a Smear Test?
Also known as the Pap Smear, the smear test is a screening test aimed at identifying cancer and precancerous changes by examining cell samples taken from the cervix. The test can help detect abnormal cell changes and HPV infections in the cervical area.
How is a Pap Smear Test Performed?
The Pap smear test is a procedure with short and simple steps conducted during a gynecological examination. During the examination, a swab is taken from the cervix region in about 5-10 seconds using a brush. The collected cell sample is then sent to the laboratory.
The procedure usually takes 1-2 minutes, does not require anesthesia, and most women only feel slight pressure.
When and How Often Should a Smear Test Be Done?
The Pap Smear, a screening test that every woman should periodically undergo, should be done starting at age 21 and repeated every three years. However, when combined with an HPV test, this interval can be extended up to five years.
The interval for having the test can be determined individually based on variables such as the doctor’s recommendation, the patient’s age, previous test results, and risk factors.
What Do Smear Test Results Mean?
Test results are generally divided into three main categories:
Results reported as normal indicate that the cells are healthy and regular follow-up is sufficient. In this case, routine check-ups continue.
In the abnormal category, mild or severe cell changes may be identified.
When results fall into the third category, Insufficient, the sample taken during the test may not be suitable for evaluation. In this situation, another smear test may be necessary, or a different evaluation method may be applied.
What is the Difference Between an HPV Test and a Smear Test?
Two separate tests used for the early diagnosis of cervical cancer are HPV screening and the smear test. A smear test is performed by examining cell samples taken from the cervix. This test can detect cervical cancer or precursor lesions.
The HPV Test is conducted to determine the presence of the Human Papilloma Virus (HPV). HPV is one of the common causes of cervical cancer. By determining the presence of the virus with the HPV Test, early precautions can be taken against this risk factor.
Frequently Asked Questions
When should a smear test be done?
The smear test is recommended for every woman starting from age 21. For the test to yield accurate results, it is advised not to conduct it during the menstrual period and to avoid sexual intercourse 24 hours before the test.
Is the smear test painful?
No, it is not a painful test. Although a slight pressure or discomfort may be felt, most women can easily undergo the process as it is brief.
Can a smear test be done during pregnancy?
Yes, it can be safely performed during pregnancy. It is generally preferred to be done in the first trimester of pregnancy; a follow-up test after delivery may also be recommended.
What diseases can the smear test help detect early?
It is used to detect cervical cancer and precancerous cellular changes. In this way, risky conditions that have not yet shown symptoms can be identified at an early stage, and the treatment process can be managed successfully.
