The differences between a breast cyst and breast cancer are determined based on signs and symptoms. A breast cyst consists of fluid-filled sacs and is usually painless. Breast cancer, however, may be felt as a hard lump or mass and can be painful. It is important to monitor the presence of symptoms.
What is a Breast Cyst?
A breast cyst is a fluid-filled formation within the breast. They are generally harmless and may be painless. In some cases, they may be prone to growth and can cause discomfort.
Depending on their size, number, and symptoms, cysts should be monitored by a specialist doctor. In cases requiring treatment, methods such as draining the cyst or surgical intervention may be applied.
What is Breast Cancer?
Breast cancer is a type of cancer that occurs due to the uncontrolled proliferation of cells that can reside in different areas of the breast and grow rapidly. This condition can start in the milk-producing lobules or the milk ducts of the breast tissue.
Symptoms of breast cancer may include changes in the shape of the breast, skin peeling, the presence of a lump in the breast or underarm area, pain or tenderness in part of the breast, and abnormal discharge from the nipples. However, symptoms may not always appear; therefore, regular mammogram screenings are important.
What are the Differences Between Breast Cysts and Cancer?
The main differences between a breast cyst and breast cancer are as follows:
- Structure of the mass: Breast cysts are soft and fluid-filled; breast cancer has a hard and solid structure.
- Mobility: Breast cysts can easily move under the skin, while breast cancer is generally fixed and attached to the tissue.
- Pain condition: Breast cysts are painless but may occasionally cause tenderness or mild pain, whereas breast cancer may begin painless and become painful in advanced stages.
- Changes over time: Breast cysts may enlarge and shrink according to the menstrual cycle, while breast cancer continues to grow over time.
The differentiation of these can be achieved through detailed examinations with imaging tests such as mammograms, ultrasounds, or magnetic resonance imaging. It is essential for these tests to be conducted regularly and interpreted by specialist doctors.
Diagnostic Methods and Expert Support
When a suspicious symptom related to breast health is detected, it is crucial to consult a specialist doctor for accurate diagnosis. Various imaging techniques and evaluation methods are used to differentiate conditions such as breast cysts and breast cancer.
Mammography
Mammography is based on imaging the breast tissue using X-ray methods. The first mammogram should be performed between the ages of 35-40. After the age of 40, it is recommended to be done regularly. Hard structures with irregular edges can be detected via mammography.
Ultrasound (USG)
Ultrasound is used to evaluate the internal structure of a palpable mass in the breast. If the cyst is fluid-filled, ultrasound clearly displays it.
Biopsy
If the mammogram or ultrasound results are suspicious, a biopsy is performed to conduct a pathological examination of the mass. A biopsy provides a definite diagnosis. Based on the biopsy result, the mass is classified as benign or malignant.
When to Perform Which Test?
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Soft and mobile masses: Initially evaluated with ultrasound.
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Women over 40: Recommended to undergo mammography for screening purposes.
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Masses with suspicious appearance: Biopsy may be needed after mammography and ultrasound.
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Those with a family history of breast cancer: Screening frequency can be increased, and advanced imaging techniques such as MRI may be applied.
Importance of Expert Opinion
Not every mass felt in the breast indicates cancer, but it should be evaluated seriously. It is necessary to consult a specialist doctor to properly plan the diagnostic process and avoid unnecessary anxiety.
Frequently Asked Questions
Is every palpable mass in the breast cancer?
Not every mass detected in the breast may be cancer because breast cysts, common among young women, are usually benign. However, every mass should be evaluated seriously, as symptoms may indicate early-stage breast cancer.
Can a breast cyst turn into cancer over time?
Simple breast cysts do not turn into cancer. Complex cysts may require monitoring. The structure and appearance of the cysts are radiologically examined and classified according to their risk level.
Is breast cancer always painful?
No, breast cancer typically presents as a painless mass initially. Lack of pain does not mean the mass is harmless. Hard, unevenly edged, or fixed masses should be evaluated by a specialist.
Do breast cysts change according to the menstrual cycle?
Yes, many breast cysts are influenced by hormonal changes and may show variations in size or tenderness during the menstrual cycle.