The differences between a breast cyst and breast cancer are determined based on signs and symptoms. A breast cyst consists of fluid-filled sacs and is usually painless. In contrast, breast cancer can be felt as a hard mass or lump and may be painful. It is important to monitor the presence of symptoms.
What Is a Breast Cyst?
Breast cysts are fluid-filled formations within the breast. They are generally harmless and may be painless. In some cases, they may have a tendency to grow and cause a sense of discomfort.
Depending on the size, number, and symptoms of the cysts, they should be monitored by a specialist doctor. In cases requiring treatment, methods such as draining the cyst or surgical intervention can be applied.
What Is Breast Cancer?
Breast cancer is a type of cancer that occurs due to the uncontrollable multiplication of cells that can settle in different areas of the breast and grow rapidly. This condition can start in the milk-producing lobules or milk ducts of the breast tissue.
Symptoms of breast cancer may include changes in breast shape, skin flaking, the presence of a lump in the breast and underarm, pain or tenderness in a part of the breast, and abnormal discharge from the nipples. However, symptoms may not always be present; therefore, regular mammography screenings are important.
What Is the Difference Between a Breast Cyst and Cancer?
The main differences between breast cysts and breast cancer are as follows:
- Structure of the lump: Breast cysts are soft and fluid-filled; breast cancer has a hard and solid structure.
- Mobility: Breast cysts can easily move under the skin, while breast cancer usually remains fixed and attached to the tissue.
- Pain: Breast cysts are painless but may sometimes cause tenderness or mild pain, whereas breast cancer starts without pain but can become painful in later stages.
- Changes over time: Breast cysts may enlarge and shrink with the menstrual cycle, while breast cancer continues to grow over time.
Detailed examinations through imaging tests such as mammography, ultrasound, and magnetic resonance imaging can reveal these differences. It is important that these tests are conducted regularly and interpreted by specialist doctors.
Diagnostic Methods and Specialist Support
When a suspicious symptom related to breast health is detected, a specialist doctor should be consulted for an accurate diagnosis. Various imaging techniques and evaluation methods are used to distinguish conditions like breast cysts and breast cancer.
Mammography
Mammography is based on imaging breast tissue using X-ray methods. The first mammography screening should be done between the ages of 35-40. It is recommended to be done regularly after age 40. Hard structures with irregular edges can be detected through mammography.
Ultrasound (USG)
Ultrasound is used to evaluate the internal structure of a palpable lump in the breast. If the cyst is fluid-filled, the ultrasound will clearly show this.
Biopsy
If the results from mammography or ultrasound are suspicious, a pathological examination on the mass is conducted using the biopsy method. Biopsy ensures a definite diagnosis. According to the biopsy result, the mass is classified as benign or malignant.
Which Test Should Be Done in Which Situation?
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Soft and movable masses: They are initially evaluated by ultrasound.
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Women over 40: Mammography is recommended for screening purposes.
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Suspicious-looking masses: A biopsy may be required following mammography and ultrasound.
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Individuals with a family history of breast cancer: The frequency of screening can be increased, and advanced imaging methods like MRI may be applied.
The Importance of Expert Opinion
Not every palpable mass in the breast signifies cancer; the mass should be thoroughly evaluated. Consulting a specialist is crucial for correctly planning the diagnostic process and avoiding unnecessary anxiety.
Frequently Asked Questions
Is every palpable mass in the breast cancerous?
Not every mass detected in the breast may be cancer, as breast cysts, which are common in young women, are generally benign. However, each mass should be evaluated seriously, as the symptoms may indicate early-stage breast cancer.
Can a breast cyst turn into cancer over time?
Simple breast cysts do not turn into cancer. Monitoring may be necessary for complex cysts. The structure and appearance of cysts are examined radiologically and classified according to the risk level.
Is breast cancer always painful?
No, breast cancer typically presents as a painless mass. The absence of pain does not mean the mass is harmless. Hard, irregular-edged, or fixed masses should be evaluated by a specialist.
Does a breast cyst change according to the menstrual cycle?
Yes, many breast cysts are influenced by hormonal changes and may change in size or sensitivity during the menstrual cycle.